The Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) in a recent update on Oropouche fever (OROV) in the Americas, has urged countries to strengthen surveillance, report any unusual events, and reinforce vector prevention and control measures.Â
PAHO said in 2024, the virus has been detected in areas where transmission had not been previously reported. Deaths associated with the infection were also reported, as were cases of vertical transmission. Â
Since the last PAHO epidemiological alert, issued on August 1, 2024, and up to September 6, 1,774 additional cases of Oropouche have been reported in six countries, increasing the total to 9,852 confirmed cases.
Brazil remains the most affected country with 7,931 cases and two deaths.
Other currently affected countries include Bolivia (356 cases), Colombia (74 cases), Cuba (506 cases), Peru (930 cases), and, more recently, the Dominican Republic (33 cases). Imported cases have also been recorded in the United States (21 cases) and Canada (1 case), following travel to endemic countries. Additionally, 30 imported cases have been documented in Europe.
Regarding mother-to-child transmission, a total of one fetal death and one case of congenital anomaly have been confirmed in Brazil.
Currently, additional investigations are being conducted on other fetal deaths, miscarriages, and congenital anomalies.
Oropouche fever is a viral disease characterized by high fever, severe headache, and muscle and joint pain. In some cases, it can cause more severe complications such as meningitis or encephalitis. Although most people recover completely, there is no specific treatment, and prevention is essential.
The virus is primarily transmitted through the bite of infected midges, small insects that usually bite during the day and inhabit humid areas with organic matter and in forested areas.
Given the increase in cases in 2024, PAHO has reiterated the importance of implementing preventive measures, especially for pregnant women.
PAHO said it is continuing to monitor the situation and is working closely with member countries to control the spread of the virus and minimize its impact on public health.
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